Please see my other Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) articles. Leveraging Encapsulation to Protecting Data & Behavior As demonstrated in my Inheritance article, I designed an Employee class which serves as a parent class for the Supervisor class. As you can see, the Employee class contains data and behaviors common to all types of employees, which the…
Please see my other Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) articles. Leveraging Inheritance for Code-Reuse & Maintainability As demonstrated by my Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) article, in addition to Encapsulation, Polymorphism (link), and Composition (link), OOP provides a powerful mechanism for reusing code and easier maintainability by allowing common class attributes and behaviors to be defined within a parent…
Please see my other Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) articles. Modeling Real-World Objects through Relationship As demonstrated by my Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) articles, OOP provide several mechanisms for code reuse, such as class inheritance. These mechanisms work by relationships which may exist between classes. Is-A Relationship (Inheritance) Inheritance demonstrates the first type of relationship – is-a, where…
Please see my other Web Development articles. Using Object-oriented Programming (OOP) to Design Robust Classes At the beginning of a software project, beginning by documenting in story-like form, the purpose for the project or what business problem are users trying to solve. List all users of the system and for each, what actions they require…
Determining Probability Based on Prior Events With my other probability articles I demonstrated how to determine the likelihood of independent and dependent events. In those examples, I used no prior knowledge of events, but in many scenarios when testing for probability on dependent events, one event has already occurred for which the probability has been…
Probability: Independent and Dependent In my Probability article, I demonstrated determining the likelihood of events related to students and their grades using a single event. In this article, I will demonstrate the nature of events used in probability determination – either they are independent or dependent events. Independent Events Returning to the example from the…
Determine the Likelihood of an Event Similar to my Distribution articles, Probability is another concept which focuses on how likely an event will occur. Single Event Probability The following formula returns the likelihood of an event using how many events qualify for the desired outcome (criteria), divided by the total number of possibilities. To illustrate…
Understanding Distribution Shapes and Central Tendency In many of my BI articles I discuss data and its measurements, one of the most commonly used being the mean (link) or average of all values within a data set. A data set contains many data points, their arrangement around the mean and their probably of occurrence is…
Please see me my other Excel articles. Leveraging Z-Score to Understand Data Dispersion In my Standard Deviation article I demonstrated how to use the squared variance to show the average distance each data point resides from the mean. While variance and standard deviation illustrate data dispersion from the mean in terms of their precise location…
Please see me my other Excel articles. Using Variance to Determine Dispersion In my distributions articles (stats link) I illustrated distributions and how their shapes may be understood in terms of data points and their relation to the mean. Since the mean represents the average of all values, understanding the spread of all data points,…
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